Tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma
Abstract
Melasma is an acquired hyperchromia characterized by asymmetrical, brown-colored spots, preferably located in photo-exposed regions, such as the face, and other areas, such as the neck, chest, and forearms. The disorder affects men and women of intermediate phototypes, with an average age of 30 to 55 years, although it mainly affects women. Its etiology is still not fully understood, but it is known that there are several factors involved in its formation, such as genetic influences, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, pregnancy, hormonal therapies, cosmetics, phototoxic drugs, endocrinopathies, emotional factors, and anticonvulsant medications. There are several treatments available for melasma, and for the present article, the cosmetic active tranexamic acid (ATX), a hydrophilic drug with a molecular weight of 157.2 g/mol, found in the form of a white crystalline powder that contains 99% to 100% of the active ingredient,was selected. This article is a descriptive and qualitative literature review and aims to analyze the potential use of the active ATX in the treatment of melasma. The results showed that ATX exerts its mechanism of antifibrinolytic, anti-hemorrhagic, and depigmenting actions through its reversible binding to lysine sites in the plasminogen molecule, inhibiting plasminogen activator, thus being considered a safe bleaching agent with good results. effective in the treatment of melasma and with low side effects. In this way, it is concluded that ATX proved to be an effective and safe compound for treating melasma, compared to other depigmenting actives, being well tolerated and with minimal adverse effects.
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PDF (Português (Brasil))DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14450/2318-9312.v35.e2.a2023.pp109-119
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Copyright (c) 2023 Brenda Conograi, Darla Juliana Kist, Karina Elisa Machado
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Infarma - Ciências Farmacêuticas
ISSN - 2318-9312 (Versão eletrônica)
ISSN - 0104-0219 (Versão impressa)
Conselho Federal de Farmácia - CFF
SHIS QI 15 Lote "L" - Lago Sul - Brasília - DF
CEP: 71635-615 - Fone: (61)3878-8751
e-mail:infarma@cff.org.br
Diretoria
Walter da Silva Jorge João, Presidente do Conselho Federal de Farmácia
Lenira da Silva Costa, Vice-Presidente do Conselho Federal de Farmácia
João Samuel de Morais Meira, Tesoureiro do Conselho Federal de Farmácia
Luiz Gustavo de Freitas Pires, Secretário-Geral do Conselho Federal de Farmácia